Consequences Of Poor Oral Care On Dental And Systemic Health In Aging Populations
Mercy Ngozi Wokoma
Department of Human Kinetics, Health and Safety Education, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract
Dental health issues are increasingly prevalent among the elderly, largely due to poor oral hygiene practices stemming from lifestyle habits, infections, or limited access to proper dental care. The oral cavity, when neglected, becomes a breeding ground for harmful bacteria, which can result in both localized dental diseases and broader systemic health complications. This paper examines the range of dental health conditions that are commonly associated with inadequate oral hygiene among the elderly and explores their implications for overall health.
The review identifies key dental problems such as periodontal disease, dental caries, receding gums, edentulism (tooth loss), xerostomia (dry mouth), and oral cancer as common among elderly individuals who fail to maintain regular oral care routines. Furthermore, the paper highlights the connection between poor oral hygiene and several general health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, stroke, kidney disease, dementia, aspiration pneumonia, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and stomach ulcers. These associations underscore the interdependence of oral and systemic health, particularly in aging populations.
In light of these findings, the paper recommends proactive public health strategies. Dental and general healthcare professionals should collaborate to implement community-based oral health education and sensitization programs targeted at older adults. In addition, it is advised that elderly individuals schedule routine dental checkups and professional cleanings at least twice a year to detect early signs of dental and systemic complications and maintain optimal oral hygiene