Community Perception And Environmental Regulation As Drivers Of Household Waste Control In Zanzibar
Hassan Juma Bakari
Department of Social and Natural Sciences, State University of Zanzibar, Tanzania
Abstract
Households, as the smallest social units within communities, are central to solid waste generation and therefore possess significant potential to act as key agents in waste management. This study investigates how household perceptions influence solid waste control outcomes in Zanzibar and evaluates the potential for integrating these perceptions into environmental policy for more sustainable waste management practices. Using a survey of 300 households across distinct neighborhoods varying in settlement type, street setting, and demographic characteristics, the study explored differences and similarities in perceptions regarding cleaner environments and the role of policy in waste management.
Findings reveal that approximately 65% of respondents believe that a cleaner environment results from both positive household attitudes toward waste management and the implementation of effective environmental policy tools. These perceptions were strongly linked to satisfaction with current waste control practices and the level of commitment to waste management at the household level. However, the study also identifies significant variability in the level of household involvement across neighborhoods, influenced by demographic factors such as education, income, and household size.
Additionally, an imbalance in responsibility was noted between households and municipal authorities, with many participants perceiving a lack of logistical capacity and enforcement on the part of local waste management bodies. Despite this, household perception of environmental policy as a strategic tool was positively associated with greater engagement in solid waste control. The study underscores the importance of aligning policy tools with local perceptions and demographic realities to enhance participation and sustainability in household waste management